Consent & boundaries

Coercive control

Alsocontrolling behaviourcontrolling behaviorcontrolling relationship

Definition

Coercive control is a pattern of controlling behaviour, such as isolation, monitoring, threats and humiliation, used to dominate a partner and restrict their freedom.

At a glance

  • A sustained pattern of controlling behaviour, not a single incident.
  • Can include isolation, monitoring, threats, humiliation and restricting money.
  • Over time it erodes confidence and independence.
  • Some jurisdictions, including England and Wales, have made it a criminal offence.
  • It can be hard for others to see because there may be no physical violence.

In detail

Rather than a single incident, coercive control is a sustained pattern. It may include checking someone's phone, controlling who they see, deciding what they wear or eat, restricting money, making threats and constantly criticising them. Over time it can erode a person's confidence and independence.

Sociologist Evan Stark developed the concept, and some jurisdictions, including England and Wales, have made coercive control a criminal offence. Because there may be no physical violence, it can be hard for others to see. Domestic abuse services can help people recognise the pattern and plan for safety.

In a sentence

  • Looking back, the constant phone checks and rules about who she could see were coercive control.
  • The support worker helped him recognise the pattern of coercive control in his relationship.

Where the word comes from

The concept was developed by the sociologist Evan Stark, especially in his 2007 book Coercive Control, building on earlier work by domestic abuse advocates.

Not to be confused with

  • Boundaries

    A boundary protects a person's own wellbeing; coercive control restricts someone else's life.

Common questions

What are signs of coercive control?

Checking someone's phone, controlling who they see, what they wear or eat, restricting money, making threats and constant criticism are common signs. The key feature is an ongoing pattern that limits a person's freedom.

Where can I get help with coercive control?

Domestic abuse services can help you recognise the pattern and plan for safety, confidentially. If you are in danger, call your local emergency number.

Related terms

Sources

  1. Women's AidWhat is coercive control?